Off-Chain

A maker fee applies when a user places orders that are not immediately filled, adding liquidity to a trading platform's order book.

Calldata is an essential component for passing inputs to smart contract functions, optimising for cost by being temporary and non-modifiable during execution.

A timestamp refers to the exact moment when a particular block is mined and validated to the blockchain.

Exchange-traded funds (ETFs) track the performance of an underlying asset and offer diversified exposure to various assets, providing better accessibility, transparency, and cost-efficiency for traders.

The cypherpunk movement played a foundational role in the development of digital currencies like Bitcoin, and focused on using cryptography and privacy-enhancing technologies to promote individual freedom, privacy, and political independence.

Market sentiment in the cryptocurrency realm reflects the emotions and attitudes of market participants, influences buying and selling decisions, and often drives volatility.

Institutional investors are large, corporate entities that bring professional expertise, liquidity, and legitimacy to the cryptocurrency market, playing a critical role in its evolution.

The Ethereum Prague/Electra upgrade — ‘Pectra’ for short — will merge two previously planned upgrades, Prague and Electra, and introduce a range of Ethereum Improvement Proposals (EIPs) aimed at improving the network's efficiency, security, and scalability.

A market correction refers to a temporary price decline that occurs after a period of upward price movement or overvaluation, typically defined as a price drop of 10% or more from its recent peak.